ASDC | ASHOE-MAESA_MetNav_AircraftInSitu_ER2_Data

ASHOE Level 2

Entry Title: ASHOE/MAESA ER-2 Aircraft In-Situ Meteorology and Navigational Data

Entry ID: ASHOE-MAESA_MetNav_AircraftInSitu_ER2_Data_1

Field Campaigns

Description

ASHOE-MAESA_MetNav_AircraftInSitu_ER2_Data is the in-situ meteorological and navigational data for the ER-2 aircraft collected during the Airborne Southern Hemisphere Ozone Experiment/Measurements for Assessing the Effects of Stratospheric Aircraft (ASHOE/MAESA) suborbital campaign. Data were collected by instruments such as the Meteorological Measurement System (MMS), Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP), NOAA Frost Point (FP), Composition and Photo-Dissociative Flux Measurement (CPFM), and the High Resolution Interferometer-Sounder (HIS). Data collection for this product is complete.

The ASHOE/MAESA campaign was a multi-organizational effort of NASA, NOAA, and the US Natinal Science Foundation (NSF). The meteorological services of New Zealand, Australia, United Kingdom, and those signatory to the convection governing the European Centre for Medium – range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) also aided in this mission. ASHOE/MAESA was conducted in four main deployments covering the period from January to November 1994. Its overarching goal was to investigate the causes of long-term reductions of ozone in the wintertime midlatitudes in the southern hemisphere, which had been observed for the last 15 years by ground-based instruments and satellites. ASHOE/MAESA had a secondary objective to obtain measurements for the assessment of the atmospheric effects of supersonic (High Speed Civil Transport) aircrafts.

In order to accomplish these objectives, the ASHOE/MAESA team used the NASA ER-2 aircraft alongside balloons, ground sites, and satellite imagery. A total of 45 flights were conducted, including 26 from Christchurch, New Zealand, 5 from Barber’s Point, Hawaii, and 6 transit flights between Christchurch, Fiji, Hawaii, and California. Some additional flights were flown from California, including surveys up to Alaska and Canada. Most of the flights were flown from Christchurch into the Southern high latitudes to probe the outer regions of the Southern polar vortex. Overall, the latitudinal extent of the ASHOE/MAESA flights was from 70S to 60N. The full payload was included on 32 of the flights, 11 carried the dynamics and radiation configuration, and 2 were test flights for individual instruments. The ER-2 was equipped with 20 instruments, including the Meteorological Measurement System (MMS), the NOAA NOy Instrument (NOAA NOy), Airborne Chromatograph For Atmospheric Trace Species (ACATS), the Airborne Tunable Laser Absorption Spectrometer (ATLAS), and the Wing Tip Air Particulate Sampler (APS). Some of the data collected by these instruments are as follows: temperature, NO, NO2, NOy, CH4, SF6, CHCl3, H2, O3, CO, SO4, and Black Carbon at various wavelengths. Ground sites collected various data on atmospheric temperature, pressure, and ozone mixing ratio. Balloon sondes collected data on atmospheric variables (temperature, pressure, wind direction, etc.). An early version of the Goddard Space Flight Center’s assimilation system was used to monitor meteorological patterns during ASHOE/MAESA to assist in planning the best flight paths. These data, along with satellite data, were used to give global context for local measurements of the ER-2.

DOI

10.5067/ASDC/SUBORBITAL/ASHOE-MAESA/MetNav_AircraftInSitu_ER2_Data_1

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GENERAL DOCUMENTATION

ASHOE/MAESA Mission Statement
ASHOE/MAESA Science Overview

From GCMD Science Keywords:

BAROMETRIC ALTITUDE
POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE > SURFACE TEMPERATURE
STATIC TEMPERATURE > SURFACE TEMPERATURE
BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE
WIND SPEED > SURFACE WINDS
FLIGHT DATA LOGS
AIRSPEED/GROUND SPEED
WIND DIRECTION > SURFACE WINDS
WATER VAPOR MIXING RATIO PROFILES > WATER VAPOR PROFILES
OZONE PROFILES > ATMOSPHERIC OZONE > OXYGEN COMPOUNDS

Data Distribution

File Format(s):

AMES , EPS

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Spatial Information

Spatial Coverage: (S: -80.05, N: 73.14), (W: -180, E: 180)
Spatial Coverage Type: Horizontal Vertical
Coordinate System: Cartesian
Granule Spatial Representation: Cartesian

Locations

FIJI HAWAII ALASKA NORTHERN HEMISPHERE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE WESTERN HEMISPHERE TROPOSPHERE

Temporal Information

Temporal Coverage: 1994-01-21 - 1994-11-06

Platforms

Jet

NASA ER-2

NASA Earth Resources-2

MMS

Meteorological Measurement System

NAVREC

ER-2 NAV RECORDER

MTP

Microwave Temperature Profiler

CPFM

Composition and Photodissociative Flux Measurement

HIS

High Resolution Interferometer Sounder

Metadata Dates

Created on 2026-01-21